Синонимы для написания эссе (ЕГЭ, IELTS, TOEFL, CAE, CPE)
Для написания любого сочинения (эссе) необходимо владеть (знать) синонимы. Синонимы – это замещение одного слова (словосочетания) на другое, имеющее тот же смысл. Синонимы (synonyms) в английском языке используются для того, чтобы сделать речь более разнообразной и яркой, чтобы в ней одно и то же слово не повторялось по несколько раз.
Чтобы сдать на высокий балл сочинение по ЕГЭ, IELTS, TOEFL, CAE, CPE, очень важно показать свой лексический багаж, синонимическое разнообразие, использовать high-level vocabulary, т.е. академические слова (Academic Vocabulary), идиомы уровня Advanced (Idioms), словосочетания уровня Advanced (Collocations).
Список самых распространенных синонимов, без которых не обойдется ни одно хорошее эссе на английском языке.
| teenagers | young people, the youth |juːθ|, adolescents |ˌædəˈlesnts|, boys and girls |
| people | a person, an individual |ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊ(ə)l|, a human/humans, a human being – человек, the mankind |mænˈkaɪnd|, the humanity |hjʊˈmanɪti|, our society |səˈsʌɪɪti| |
| very | really, especially |ɪˈspɛʃ(ə)li|, perfectly |ˈpəːfɪk(t)li|, greatly |ˈɡreɪtli| |
| waste of time | lose time, do not use time sensibly |
| free time | leisure time, spare time, pastime |
| important | significant, necessary, essential, vital, main, crucial, key |
| country | state, land |
| experience | skills, knowledge of life |
| improve | make better, become better, get better |
| convenient | useful, (comfortable) |
| community | neighbourhood, area, district |
| health | good condition |
| healthy | be fit, in good condition, in good health, be not ill |
| fast food | junk food, unhealthy food, ready-made food, easy to cook |
| home | place where you live, flat, house, residence |
| benefits | advantages, profit |
| disadvantage | drawback |
| clothes | things you wear, dress |
| unacceptable | wrong, bad |
| CAN | be able to, possible |
| HAVE | own, possess, belong to, be the property of |
| possible | viable, realizable |ˈriːəlʌɪzəbl|, achievable |əˈtʃiːvəb(ə)l|, attainable |əˈteɪnəbl|, workable |ˈwəːkəb(ə)l|, probable |ˈprɒbəb(ə)l|,potential |pə(ʊ)ˈtɛnʃ(ə)l| |
| work (career path) | career, profession (a way of making career) |
| way | method |
| thing | idea, point (идея, мысль) / object, item (предмет) / possession, valuables (ценныевещи, имущество) |
| responsible | in charge of |
| hobby | interest, pastime |
| good | well, great |
| environment | ecosystem, habitat |
| tourist | traveller, holidaymaker, visitor |
| journey | trip, excursion, tour, voyage (морское) |
| wear | dress, have smth on, be dressed in |
| resident | citizen |
| collect | bring together |
| the Internet | world Wide Web, the Web, the Net, online, virtual |
| money income | cash, salary, wages, earn, pay, money |
| jealousy (ревностный, завистливый) | envy (завидовать), envious (завистливый) |
| love | affection for |
| happy | pleased, joyful, delighted, glad |
| education | studying, process of learning and teaching |
| effective | work well, successful, thriving, promising |
| school leavers | graduates |
| compulsory | obligatory, mandatory |
| optional | voluntary, not compulsory, not obligatory |
| problem | issue, trouble |
| athlete | sportsman |
| extreme sports | risky, dangerous, unsafe |
| exercise | train, do sports |
| gym | sports centre, health club, fitness club |
| library | a place where books are stored |
| graffiti | paintings / pictures on the wall |
| e-books (electronic books) | e-reader |
| disappear | vanish, go away, become extinct (animals) |
| Artificial (искусственный) | unreal, contrived |
| cell phone | smartphone, mobile phone |
| technology | machine, equipment |
| boring | dull, monotonous |
| worker | employee, a member of staff |
| accomplish | succeed in, fulfill |
| successful | effective, well |
| find a job | get a job, have a job |
| read | find out smth |
| find | look for |
| recycle | reuse |
| rubbish | litter, garbage, waste |
| small shops | local shops |
| landfill (мусорка) | dump (свалка) |
| interesting | fascinating, gripping, exciting, thrilling, enjoyable |
| shop | department store, shopping mall / centre, market,
buy, purchase (глаголы) |
| popular | well known, famous |
| watch TV | spend time in front of TV |
| warn (предупреждение) | alert, caution |
| stress | worry, concern, anxiety |
| life | lifestyle, way of life, daily life |
| overpopulation | a lot of people, overcrowded |
| sibling | a brother or a sister |
| bring up | raise (воспитывать) |
| much | plenty of, a great deal of … |
| many | numerous, plenty of |
| fun | enjoyable, enjoyment, entertainment, pleasure, great time |
| fashion | brend |
| social nets | social networking sites |
| fight | stand up to, face smth |
| rich | wealthy, prosperous |
| global | worldwide |
| huge | enormous, very big, extremely big / large |
| explore | study |
| eventually | with time |
| need | require, demand (требовать) |
| attend a party | visit a party |
| film | movie |
| modern | contemporary, the latest |
| communicate (communication) | contact, get in touch, discuss (discussion, conversation) |
| ambitious | determined (амбициозный, целеустремленный) |
| language | tongue, dialect, accent, mother tongue, the first language |
| replace | substitute |
| zoo | wildlife park |
| animals | species, living things, pets |
| influence | effect smb, have an impact on … |
| independence | freedom, being independent |
| people | a person (he or she), the mankind, the humanity, our society |
| very | really, especially, greatly, extremely |
| possible | achievable, probable, potential |
| develop | broaden (расширять), increase, make better |
| Make worse | decrease (уменьшать), deteriorate (ухудшаться), worsen |
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